Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum secret sharing based on phase-insensitive amplifiers

As a core component of the continuous variable quantum secret sharing system, the performance of the detector is crucial to the entire system. Nevertheless, in practical circumstances, the detector is nonideal, whose defects can introduce noise interference into the signal and result in the performance degradation of the continuous-variable quantum secret sharing system. To solve this problem, we present a Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum secret sharing based on phase-insensitive amplifiers. The phase-insensitive amplifier can uniformly amplify each orthogonal component of the signal and increase the signal power, thereby relatively reducing the noise interference caused by the defects of nonideal detectors to the signal and significantly improving the actual performance of the system. The numerical simulation shows that the phase-insensitive amplifier effectively increases the secret key rate and the secure transmission distance of the system, and the actual performance of the system under the high gain of the phase-insensitive amplifier closely approaches the performance of the system using an ideal detector. This work provides a novel approach to addressing the issue of reduced performance of continuous-variable quantum secret sharing caused by the defects of nonideal detectors.