Renewable Energy–Based Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Infrastructure: Solar/Wind Integrated Systems for Sustainable Transportation

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has created a strong need for efficient and sustainable charging infrastructure. Conventional EV charging systems mainly depend on grid electricity, which is largely generated from fossil fuels, leading to environmental pollution and increased carbon emissions. To overcome this problem, the present study focuses on the development of a renewable energy–based EV charging system using solar and wind energy. In this project, a hybrid system is designed by integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and a wind turbine to generate electrical energy. The generated energy is stored in a battery and used for EV charging through an inverter system. A DC-DC boost converter is used to step up the voltage, while an MPPT controller ensures maximum power extraction from the solar panel. The system also includes an Arduino-based control unit for monitoring and managing voltage, current, and charging operations. Additional components such as LCD display, sensors, and switching devices are used for real-time monitoring and efficient control. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed under different weather conditions such as sunny, partially cloudy, and windy scenarios. The results show that the hybrid system is capable of maintaining a continuous and stable power supply by balancing energy generation and load demand. The system also ensures a regulated DC bus voltage and efficient utilization of renewable energy sources. The study concludes that the solar-wind hybrid EV charging system is a reliable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective solution for future transportation needs. It reduces dependency on fossil fuels, minimizes environmental impact, and supports sustainable development. The system is suitable for both urban and remote areas and has strong potential for large-scale implementation with further research and technological advancements.