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Disasters have substantial negative impacts on the transportation system performance. To be resilient, transportation systems should recover quickly and function effectively after disasters. However, reconstruction of road links has to be implemented as a multistage procedure due to limited budget. Hence, guidance needs to be provided on when and where to reconstruct to maintain high system performance during the recovery period. This article proposes a novel multi-stage network design model for identifying the optimal reconstruction sequence that maximizes the resilience of transportation networks with budget constraints. To achieve this, resilience is quantified as the sum of the recovery ratios of system performance during reconstruction. A day-to-day traffic assignment model and a logit-based loading model are integrated to describe the traffic flow evolution during reconstruction. The model is implemented on two test transportation networks. The results show that the optimal reconstruction sequence leads to the most significant improvement in postdisaster performance. Stability analysis indicates that effective traffic control strategies are necessary to ensure the flow stability during reconstruction.
Ye et al. (Tue,) studied this question.