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The chemical potential and fluctuations in number of particles in a D-dimensional free Fermi gas at low temperatures are obtained by means of polylogarithms. This idea is extended to show that the density of any ideal gas, whether Fermi, Bose, or classical, can be expressed in polylogarithms. The densities of different statistics correspond to different domains of polylogarithms in such a way that there emerges a unifying picture. The density of the classical ideal gas represents a fixed point of polylogarithms. Inequalities for polylogarithms are used to provide a precise bound on errors in the fermion chemical potential at low temperatures.
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M. Howard Lee (1995) studied this question.
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