A Review of Efficacious Technology-Based Weight-Loss Interventions: Five Key Components

Objective:Obesity is highly prevalent among American adults and has negative health and psychosocial consequences. The purpose of this article was to qualitatively review studies that used technology-based interventions for weight loss and to identify specific components of these interventions that are effective in facilitating weight loss.Materials and Methods:We conducted a narrow, qualitative review, focusing on articles published in the last 10 years that used an experimental or pre/posttest design and used a technology-based intervention for weight loss.Results:Among the 21 studies reviewed, we identified the following five components that we consider to be crucial in technology-based weight-loss interventions that are successful in facilitating weight loss: self monitoring, counselor feedback and communication, social support, use of a structured program, and use of an individually tailored program.Conclusions:Short-term results of technologically driven weight-loss interventions using these components have been promising, but long-term results have been mixed. Although more longitudinal studies are needed for interventions implementing these five components, the interface of technology and behavior change is an effective foundation of a successful, short-term weight-loss program and may prove to be the basis of long-term weight loss. A qualitative review focusing on articles published in the last 10 years that used an experimental or pre/post-test design and used a technology-based intervention for weight loss was conducted. Five technology-based components—self-monitoring, counselor feedback and communication, social support, use of a structured program, and use of an individually tailored program—were reviewed from 21 studies. Although short-term results have been promising, long-term results have been mixed. The interface of technology and behavior change is an effective foundation of a successful, short-term weight-loss program and may prove to be the basis of long-term weight loss.