Multidimensional Engagement in Learning—an Integrated Instructional Design Approach

learning. This important problem in daily instruction has produced numerous research activities focusing on conditions and consequences of student engagement. However, these activities have led to a complex aspects of student engagement based on a review of literature. Findings from the review have been used to formulate 15 instructional strategies as part of a hierarchically organized instructional design approach for incorporating multidimensional engagement into elements of learning (i.e., learning materials for lessons or instructional units). Strategies for cognitive engagement concern engagement levels such as knowledge, comprehension, convergent thinking, evaluation, and synthesis. Strategies for motivational social-emotional engagement are related to self-assertion, entertainment, belongingness, adaptiveness, and security. Finally, in order to support research and implementation, measurement instruments on multidimensional levels of engagement and related instructional strategies are proposed.