healthy men (mean age 33 years). Surprisingly, the oestradiol circadian rhythm in this study was in counterphase with the testosterone circadian rhythm. The variation in oestradiol levels through the day in men is slight and in no way comparable to the dramatic changes in plasma levels during the menstrual cycle in women. This means that a single measurement of oestradiol in peripheral blood will give a good indication of the oestrogen exposure in men.
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Ronde et al. (2003) studied this question.
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