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Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is well established in many surgical applications, with an estimated surgical robot device markets anticipated to reach $20 billion by 2021 (1). It yields many known advantages over traditional open surgery, examples being smaller incision sites resulting in decreased blood loss and risk of infection, decreased length of hospital stay and time to return to work, and improved cosmesis (2).The field as a whole suffers from shortcomings today, and thus does not live up to its full potential. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Kim et al. (2018) studied this question.
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