Key result
Cytoskeletal tropomyosin isoforms co-polymerize with actin to generate multiple distinct filaments with specialized functional characteristics that regulate cell architecture and actomyosin-based structures.
Why the study?
The contribution of individual cytoskeletal tropomyosin isoforms to the structural and functional diversification of the actin cytoskeleton remains incompletely understood.
This review summarizes the current understanding of how tropomyosin isoforms are sorted and distributed to form actomyosin structures in non-muscle cells.
Informs cytoskeletal actin regulation in non-muscle cells; leaves open validation in cardiovascular models.
The interactions of cytoskeletal actin filaments with myosin family motors are essential for the integrity and function of eukaryotic cells. They support a wide range of force-dependent functions. These include mechano-transduction, directed transcellular transport processes, barrier functions, cytokinesis, and cell migration. Despite the indispensable role of tropomyosins in the generation and maintenance of discrete actomyosin-based structures, the contribution of individual cytoskeletal tropomyosin isoforms to the structural and functional diversification of the actin cytoskeleton remains a work in progress. Here, we review processes that contribute to the dynamic sorting and targeted distribution of tropomyosin isoforms in the formation of discrete actomyosin-based structures in animal cells and their effects on actin-based motility and contractility.
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Manstein et al. (2019) conducted a review in Cytoskeleton dynamics in non-muscle cells. Cytoskeletal tropomyosin isoforms co-polymerize with actin to generate multiple distinct filaments with specialized functional characteristics that regulate cell architecture and actomyosin-based structures.
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