Prolapsed ureterocele in a new-born female: A rare presentation of duplex kidney anomaly with diagnostic challenges

Ureterocele is a congenital dilatation of the distal ureter. Although typically diagnosed prenatally or incidentally, prolapsed ureterocele in a neonate is rare. We report a 13-day-old female infant referred for evaluation of a vulvar mass initially taken for hymeneal imperforation. Prenatal history was unremarkable. Physical examination revealed a reddish vulvar mass with whitish secretions. Pelvic ultrasound demonstrated a duplicated right renal system with a ureterocele, suggesting a prolapsed ureterocele. Incision then differed ureterocele resection was performed without complications. Prolapsed ureterocele in neonates is a rare but important differential diagnosis for interlabial masses. Early recognition and surgical management preserve renal function.