Enhanced Hunter–Prey Optimization for Dynamic DSTATCOM-Based Reactive Power Management in EV–PV–ESS Integrated Distribution Networks

: Reactive Power Management is a well-implemented measure to mitigate power system imbalances caused by high penetrations of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Photovoltaic (PV) systems. This article highlights the optimal Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) capability in alleviating the active power losses and voltage imbalance in the presence of Energy Storage Systems (ESS). The prime allocations of the components are determined using the Enhanced Hunter-Prey Optimization meta-heuristic algorithm (EHPO). The proposed framework is evaluated under dynamic operating conditions, accounting for 96-hour variations in EV charging demand, PV generation, load, and ESS operation. The performance of the system is analyzed on IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus, and 118-bus networks to demonstrate scalability and robustness. Comparative results with the standard HPO algorithm highlight EHPO's superior performance, including reduced power losses, improved voltage regulation, and enhanced system stability.