Enabling Enhanced Transient Damping without Steady-State Compromise: A Feedforward Control Strategy for VSG-Based PMSG Systems

Grid-forming permanent magnet synchronous generators (GFM-PMSGs) exhibit excellent voltage support and transient response characteristics. However, when controlled via conventional virtual synchronous generator (VSG) strategies, the strong coupling between the damping coefficient ( D ) and the primary frequency control coefficient ( K pf ) in the power control loop may lead to steady-state deviation and stability risks. In addition, the limited tunability of D and virtual inertia ( J ) in VSG-controlled GFM-PMSGs often results in significant power overshoot. Although existing transient damping strategies based on first-order lag (TD-VSG) can suppress oscillations and avoid steady-state errors, they suffer from large overshoot. To address these issues, this paper proposes a feedforward transient damping (FTD-VSG) control strategy that enhances dynamic damping performance while maintaining steady-state accuracy. Based on a 2 MW simulation platform, a comparative analysis is conducted for no damping, constant damping, TD-VSG, and FTD-VSG strategies under ± 0.2 Hz frequency disturbances and various wind speed conditions. The results show that FTD-VSG significantly reduces active power overshoot (from 0.14 p.u. to 0.05 p.u.), shortens the settling time from 1 s to 0.1 s, and effectively eliminates steady-state errors. It also demonstrates superior performance in reactive power fluctuation, frequency deviation, and current dynamic response, with particularly notable advantages under natural wind speed conditions. Furthermore, experimental results based on a 2 kW two-level inverter platform validate the engineering feasibility and dynamic robustness of the proposed strategy, highlighting its effectiveness in suppressing transient current spikes and enhancing system safety margins.