In Brief Diabetes education has changed a great deal in recent years. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs have become more patient-centered and theoretically based, and there is a greater emphasis on providing ongoing support to sustain the self-management gains made by patients as a result of education. Based on the frameworks of self-determination and autonomy support,empowerment has served as the philosophical basis for diabetes self-management education for more than 15 years. This article describes the evolution of empowerment-based programs from DSME to ongoing diabetes self-management support and provides practical strategies for educators to use in the development of these programs.
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Funnell et al. (2007) studied this question.
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