Key result
Acute oxygen inhalation, slow deep breathing, and their combination increased baroreflex sensitivity by 21%, 32%, and 30% respectively from baseline in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes.
Why the study?
Acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing improve autonomic function in short-duration type 1 diabetes, but their effects and interactions with macroalbuminuria or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in long-duration disease remain unexamined.
Do acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing improve autonomic function in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes?
Do acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing improve autonomic function in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing transiently improve autonomic function (baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability) in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes.
AIM: Acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing improve measures of autonomic function transiently in individuals with short-duration type 1 diabetes. Our aims were to examine these interventions and changes in autonomic function in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes and to explore interactions with the presence of macroalbuminuria or existing cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. METHODS: Individuals with type 1 diabetes (n = 54) were exposed to acute oxygen inhalation, slow deep breathing and a combination of both (hereafter 'the combination'). Primary outcomes were change in baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability. Associations between changes in outcomes were evaluated using mixed effects models. RESULTS: Mean age ± sd was 60 ± 10 years and diabetes duration was 38 ± 14 years. Changes are presented as per cent difference from baseline with 95% confidence intervals. Acute oxygen inhalation, slow deep breathing and the combination increased baroreflex sensitivity by 21 (10, 34)%, 32 (13, 53)% and 30 (10, 54)%, respectively. Acute oxygen inhalation trended towards increasing heart rate variability 8 (-1, 17)% (P = 0.056), and slow deep breathing and the combination increased heart rate variability by 33 (18, 49)% and 44 (27, 64)% respectively. Macroalbuminuria or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy did not modify results. CONCLUSION: Autonomic function is improved transiently in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes and normoalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria by acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing. There is a risk of survival bias. Autonomic dysfunction might be a reversible condition, and hypoxia might represent a target of intervention.
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Laursen et al. (2020) studied long-duration type 1 diabetes (n=54). Acute oxygen inhalation and slow deep breathing vs. Baseline was evaluated on change in baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability (95% CI 10-34). Acute oxygen inhalation, slow deep breathing, and their combination increased baroreflex sensitivity by 21%, 32%, and 30% respectively from baseline in individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes.
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