Protracted social conflicts rooted in the denial of the basic needs of identity groups are highly resistant to de‐escalation. The difficulty of following peacekeeping with successful peacemaking calls for the fuller development of peacebuilding, defined as interactive and developmental activities to improve the relationship and address basic needs. A contingency model of third‐party intervention provides a context for peacebuilding in which approaches to peace are coordinated and sequenced for maximal effect. The Cyprus dispute illustrates the potential role that peacebuilding could play in resolving intractable conflicts.
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Ronald J. Fisher (1993) studied this question.
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