‘He Was the Most Important’: How General Practitioners Support Syrian Refugees in Navigating Norway as a Receiving Society

Refugees often face psychological strain related to war trauma, uncertain legal status, and unfamiliar societal expectations. Health challenges may further hinder their ability to engage in employment, education, and civic life. This qualitative study draws on 20 semi-structured interviews with Syrian refugees in Norway (9 men, 11 women), conducted between February and May 2023. Two overarching themes were identified: (1) the critical role of general practitioners (GPs) through continuity of care, co-negotiation with institutions, and serving as a physical anchor and (2) the importance of self-determination, including the right to change GPs, which supported participants’ sense of agency and resilience. A recurring pattern in the analysis concerns the unintended consequences of compulsory integration programme attendance. For those with physical or mental health challenges, requirements could lead to financial penalties. In this context, GPs served as a counterweight, helping mitigate their negative health and social consequences. While GPs are formally gatekeepers within the healthcare system, this study highlights their broader potential to enhance refugee resilience and integration. When GPs are accessible; trusted; and provide person-centred, continuous care, they help patients navigate both health and welfare systems. However, this expanded role may place unrealistic expectations on primary care services. The results highlight the importance of cross-sectoral collaboration to ensure that the complex needs of refugee populations are addressed in a coordinated and sustainable manner.