What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Other. Population: Orthostatic intolerance. Intervention: Stand test in Mars gravity after prolonged space flight vs. Stand test in Earth gravity. Primary outcome: Mean arterial pressure and cardiac output during stand test.

August 9, 2022npj Microgravity13 citationsOpen Access

Computational modeling of orthostatic intolerance for travel to Mars

LLLex M. van LoonUtrecht University ASAnne SteinsAustralian National University KSKlaus‐Martin SchulteAustralian National University

Resultado clave

A computational model predicts that a stand test in Mars gravity after prolonged space flight will not induce significant orthostatic intolerance, maintaining mean arterial pressure with only a 10% drop in cardiac output.

PICO estructurado

Does a computational model predict adequate hemodynamic response to an active stand test on Mars after prolonged spaceflight?

Población

In silico open-source controlled lumped mathematical model of the cardiopulmonary system representing an averagely trained, healthy, adult male astronaut.

Intervención

Simulated active stand test after prolonged (>6 months) spaceflight under Mars' gravitational conditions (3/8 G) with or without fluid loading.

Comparador

Simulated active stand test pre-flight, after short-duration spaceflight (<10 days), or under Earth's gravitational conditions (1 G).

Resultado

Short-term adaptations of key hemodynamic parameters (mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate) to an active stand test.surrogate

A computational model of the cardiopulmonary system suggests that astronauts will be able to maintain adequate blood pressure during orthostatic stress upon arriving on Mars after prolonged spaceflight, even without fluid loading.

Limitaciones

Model represents a healthy adult male and does not include gender effects.
Assumes the presence of a strict exercise program during space travel.
Incapable of simulating pulse wave propagation.
Lacks lung and brain perfusion models.
Uncertainty in numerical values assigned to various parameters.

Resumen

Astronauts in a microgravity environment will experience significant changes in their cardiopulmonary system. Up until now, there has always been the reassurance that they have real-time contact with experts on Earth. Mars crew however will have gaps in their communication of 20 min or more. In silico experiments are therefore needed to assess fitness to fly for those on future space flights to Mars. In this study, we present an open-source controlled lumped mathematical model of the cardiopulmonary system that is able simulate the short-term adaptations of key hemodynamic parameters to an active stand test after being exposed to microgravity. The presented model is capable of adequately simulating key cardiovascular hemodynamic changes-over a short time frame-during a stand test after prolonged spaceflight under different gravitational conditions and fluid loading conditions. This model can form the basis for further exploration of the ability of the human cardiovascular system to withstand long-duration space flight and life on Mars.

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