ABSTRACT Green hydrogen has emerged as a strategic component of Spain's decarbonization agenda, with the country leveraging its renewable energy potential and industrial capabilities to align with the European Union's climate goals. Drawing on a multidimensional theoretical framework, this article examines the key drivers shaping Spain's green hydrogen transition. It asks how international norms, policy diffusion, and domestic institutional dynamics influence national hydrogen strategies. This study adopts a case study design and a qualitative‐dominant mixed‐methods approach, drawing on official policy documents and semi‐structured interviews with stakeholders from government, industry, and civil society. The findings show that Spain's green hydrogen transition is shaped by the interaction of supranational climate governance, domestic institutional dynamics, industrial economic interests, and technological capacities rather than by a single policy driver. These results highlight how EU climate governance and domestic political economy jointly shape emerging hydrogen strategies. The findings further suggest that aligning supranational climate norms with domestic industrial strategies and coordinated governance is crucial for effective policy adoption and a resilient energy transition.
Arıöz et al. (Sun,) studied this question.