A portable (200×100×100 mm3), high-luminosity, spherically bent crystal spectrometer was designed for measuring in a wide spectral range of 1.2–19.6 Å very low emissivity x-ray spectra of different clusters heated by 35 fs laser radiation. This spectrometer is associated with a custom design x-ray charge coupled device that features a large sensitive area (24.6×24.6 mm2) and a small pixel size (24×24 μm2). This apparatus provides simultaneous high spectral (λ/δλ∼1000–5000) and spatial (40–80 μm) resolution. A large (30×10 mm2) open aperture mica crystal with R=100 mm is used as the dispersive and focusing element. The large tuneability of the spectrometer makes it possible to record high-resolution spectra of H-like ions of oxygen (CO2 clusters) in a spectral range of 15–17 Å, Ne-like like ions of Kr in a spectral range of 5–5.7 Å, and He-like spectra of Ar in a spectral range of 3.0–3.4 and 3.7–4.4 Å without any adjustment of the spectrometer setup. Thanks to the high luminosity (high collection efficiency) of the spectrometer, high quality spectra were obtained using only 15 mJ 2000 laser shots.
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Blasco et al. (2001) studied this question.