Influence of biological maturation on cardiac autonomic recovery in female volleyball players during & after repeated sprints training: An experimental trial

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Study procedures. A: Anthropometric evaluation (height and body weight), blood pressure and resting heart rate evaluation. B: Repeated sprints training divided into three rounds interspersed by recovery heart rate assessment. –s: seconds. –m: meters. HRR: Heart Rate Recovery.

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  Fig. 2. Heart rate behavior during repeated sprints training. A: Girls. B: Women. (bpm): Beats per minute. Data expressed in mean. Groups: Girls (Round-1: n ​= ​20. Round-2: n ​= ​17. Round-3: n ​= ​14) & Women (all round’s: n ​= ​18).

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  Fig. 3. Behavior of subjective perception of effort during repeated sprint training. A: girls. B: women. Data expressed in mean ​± ​standard deviation. Groups: Girls (Round-1: n ​= ​20. Round-2: n ​= ​17. Round-3: n ​= ​14. Full session: n ​= ​14) & Women (all round’s: n ​= ​18).

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  Fig. 4. Number of participants at the beginning and end of the study. ♀: Female. RST: Repeated sprints training.

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  Fig. 5. Comparative analyses considering the subgroups of biological maturation stages in the sample of girls. ∗ Late-PHV statistically superior to the Early-PHV and During-PHV groups. †: Statistically superior to Early-PHV group. HRR: Heart Rate Recovery. RST: Repeated Sprint Training. (bmp): Beats per minute. (-s): Seconds. Graphical interpretation: Median positioned on the center line of the bars; minimum and maximum values positioned on the bases and tops of the bars, respectively. Groups: Late-PHV (n ​= ​8), during-PHV (n ​= ​6), early-PHV (n ​= ​6).