We are in this together: leading resource exchange between entrepreneurial ecosystems to strategically steer their development

Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) are embedded in a global network of resource exchange relationships. To explain how EEs develop, one must consider the dynamics of resource exchanges. To do this, we combine a social capital perspective with the concept of strategic action fields in an abductive study of six cases of EEs. We find three dynamics of resource exchange, each drawing on a specific type of social capital and fostering either optimization or innovation of EEs’ offer to entrepreneurs. These findings contribute to the EE field by highlighting the relevance of inter-EE resource exchanges for developing competitive EEs. EE practitioners find that strategically managing the exchange of resources across the boundaries of their ecosystem is vital to balancing optimization of the established offer and innovating for enriched offers to entrepreneurs in their location.