Key result
There is insufficient evidence to reach major conclusions regarding the efficacy of cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in the extreme elderly (aged ≥85 years).
Why the study?
Do cardiovascular risk reduction strategies improve outcomes in the extreme elderly (aged 85 years and older)?
Do cardiovascular risk reduction strategies improve outcomes in the extreme elderly (aged 85 years and older)?
There is currently insufficient evidence to make definitive recommendations for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients aged 85 years and older, highlighting a need for dedicated trials in this population.
Insufficient evidence precludes firm recommendations for CV risk reduction in patients ≥85 years; leaves open need for dedicated trials.
An American Heart Association statement on secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in the elderly reported that 50% of women and 70% to 80%) of men over 75 years have obstructive coronary artery disease. The total direct and indirect costs of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the US for 2007 was around $286 billion and annual costs are projected to rise to over $1 trillion by 2030. Significant emphasis is now placed on prevention and risk factor modification of cardiovascular disease. The proportion of the population aged 85 years and older (the ‘extreme elderly‘) is projected to increase to 151% by 2030. This review focuses on reducing risk in coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure in the extreme elderly. We review modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, lipid profile, lifestyle modification), pharmacological strategies (statins, beta‐blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, aspirin) and the available evidence for their use in extreme old age. There is insufficient evidence to reach major conclusions with respect to cardiovascular risk reduction in the extreme elderly. Further trials involving older patients are needed before evidence‐based recommendations can be formulated for this population.
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Parikh et al. (2013) conducted a review in Coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure. Cardiovascular risk reduction strategies was evaluated. There is insufficient evidence to reach major conclusions regarding the efficacy of cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in the extreme elderly (aged ≥85 years).
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