Key result
Cigarette smoking in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly increased mean 24-hour QTc duration compared to nonsmokers (439.25 vs 425.05 ms, P=0.021).
Why the study?
Does cigarette smoking prolong the QTc interval or affect autonomic nervous system activity in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Observational (n=70)
Does cigarette smoking prolong the QTc interval or affect autonomic nervous system activity in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Absolute Event Rate: 439.25% vs 425.05%
p-value: p=0.021
Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with a prolonged QTc interval in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, independent of autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
Smoking may warrant QTc vigilance in T2DM; leaves open causality and arrhythmia risk pending prospective data.
Aims. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and QTc interval duration in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. A total of 70 patients with T2DM (35 chronic smokers, 35 nonsmokers) treated with oral antidiabetic medications underwent continuous ECG Holter monitoring for 24 hours and analysis of time- and frequency-domain measures of heart rate variability (HRV). HRV over short time was also assessed using the deep breathing test. In addition, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was evaluated using the spontaneous sequence method. The mean QTc interval was measured from the 24-hour ECG recordings. Results. Smokers had lower body mass index (BMI) and exhibited higher 24-hour mean heart rate. There was no difference regarding all measures of ANS activity between the two groups. Smokers showed increased mean QTc duration during the 24 hours (439.25 ± 26.95 versus 425.05 ± 23.03 ms, P = 0.021) as well as in both day (439.14 ± 24.31 ms, P = 0.042) and night periods (440.91 ± 32.30 versus 425.51 ± 24.98 ms, P = 0.033). The association between smoking status and mean QTc interval persisted after adjusting for BMI. Conclusions. Cigarette smoking is associated with prolongation of the QTc interval in patients with T2DM by a mechanism independent of ANS dysfunction.
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Thomakos et al. (2013) conducted an observational in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=70). Chronic smoking vs. Nonsmokers was evaluated on Mean QTc interval duration during 24 hours (p=0.021). Cigarette smoking in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly increased mean 24-hour QTc duration compared to nonsmokers (439.25 vs 425.05 ms, P=0.021).
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