Key result
Novel quantitative electrogram analysis approaches successfully generated patient-specific 3D maps indicating potential active sites outside the pulmonary vein isolation region in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation.
Why the study?
Can novel electrogram analysis methods generate patient-specific 3D maps for intraprocedural guidance in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation?
Case Report (n=1)
No
Can novel electrogram analysis methods generate patient-specific 3D maps for intraprocedural guidance in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation?
Novel electrogram analysis methods can feasibly generate patient-specific 3D maps to identify potential active sites outside the PVI region in persistent AF, though larger validation is needed.
May support intraprocedural mapping in persistent AF; leaves open clinical utility pending prospective validation.
PURPOSE: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia that causes stroke affecting more than 2.3 million people in the US and is increasing in prevalence due to ageing population causing a new global epidemic. Catheter ablation with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) to terminate AF is successful for paroxysmal AF but suffers limitations with persistent AF patients as current mapping methods cannot identify AF active substrates outside of PVI region. Recent evidences in the mechanistic understating of AF pathophysiology suggest that ectopic activity, localized re-entrant circuit with fibrillatory propagation and multiple circuit re-entries may all be involved in human AF. The authors developed novel electrogram analysis methods and validated using optical mapping data from isolated rabbit hearts to accurately identify rotor pivot points. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of generating patient-specific 3D maps for intraprocedural guidance for catheter ablation using intracardiac electrograms from a persistent AF patient using novel electrogram analysis methods. METHODS: A persistent AF patient with clinical appointment for AF ablation was recruited for this study with IRB approval. 1055 electrograms throughout the left and right atrium were obtained for offline analysis with the novel approaches such as multiscale entropy, multiscale frequency, recurrence period density entropy, kurtosis and empirical mode decomposition to generate patient specific 3D maps. 3D Shannon Entropy, Renyi Entropy and Dominant frequency maps were also generated for comparison purposes along with local activation time and complex fractionated electrogram analysis maps. RESULTS: Patient specific 3D maps were obtained for each of the different approach. The 3D maps indicate potential active sites outside the PVI region. However, presence of rotors cannot be confirmed and validation of these approaches is required on a larger dataset. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional catheter mapping system can be used for generating patient specific 3D maps with short time series analysis using the novel approaches.
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SP et al. (2017) conducted a case report in Persistent atrial fibrillation (n=1). Novel quantitative electrogram analysis (MSE, MSF, kurtosis, RPDE, EMD) was evaluated on Feasibility of generating patient-specific 3D maps. Novel quantitative electrogram analysis approaches successfully generated patient-specific 3D maps indicating potential active sites outside the pulmonary vein isolation region in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation.
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