Key result
In a Portuguese registry of 1042 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, all-cause mortality was 1.19%/year and cardiovascular mortality was 0.65%/year over a median follow-up of 3.3 years.
Observational (n=1,042)
Yes
Contemporary HCM in Portugal is characterized by a relatively advanced age at diagnosis, low long-term mortality, and a considerable burden of morbidity, with heart failure being the most common cause of death.
Low mortality in this Portuguese HCM cohort supports favorable contemporary prognosis; leaves open whether outcomes differ by region or care setting.
We report the results of the Portuguese Registry of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, an initiative that reflects the current spectrum of cardiology centers throughout the territory of Portugal. A direct invitation to participate was sent to cardiology departments. Baseline and outcome data were collected. A total of 29 centers participated and 1042 patients were recruited. Four centers recruited 49% of the patients, of whom 59% were male, and mean age at diagnosis was 53±16 years. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was identified as familial in 33%. The major reason for diagnosis was symptoms (53%). HCM was obstructive in 35% of cases and genetic testing was performed in 51%. Invasive septal reduction therapy was offered to 8% (23% of obstructive patients). Most patients (84%) had an estimated five-year risk of sudden death of <6%. Thirteen percent received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. After a median follow-up of 3.3 years (interquartile range [P25-P75] 1.3-6.5 years), 31% were asymptomatic. All-cause mortality was 1.19%/year and cardiovascular mortality 0.65%/year. The incidence of heart failure-related death was 0.25%/year, of sudden cardiac death 0.22%/year and of stroke-related death 0.04%/year. Heart failure-related death plus heart transplantation occurred in 0.27%/year and sudden cardiac death plus equivalents occurred in 0.53%/year. Contemporary HCM in Portugal is characterized by relatively advanced age at diagnosis, and a high proportion of invasive treatment of obstructive forms. Long-term mortality is low; heart failure is the most common cause of death followed by sudden cardiac death. However, the burden of morbidity remains considerable, emphasizing the need for disease-specific treatments that impact the natural history of the disease. Apresentação dos resultados do Registo Português de Miocardiopatia Hipertrófica. Convite direto aos diferentes centros de cardiologia de Portugal, com análise de dados basais e de seguimento. Foram 29 os centros participantes e 1042 doentes incluídos. Quatro centros incluíram 49% dos doentes, 59% do sexo masculino, idade média de diagnóstico 53 ± 16 anos. A doença foi considerada familiar em 33% e a presença de sintomas foi a principal causa de diagnóstico (53%). A miocardiopatia hipertrófica foi obstrutiva em 35%. O estudo genético foi efetuado em 51%. Oito por cento dos doentes fizeram terapêutica invasiva de redução septal (23% dos doentes com obstrução). A maioria dos doentes (84%) apresentava um risco estimado de morte súbita aos 5 anos < 6%. Em 13% foi colocado desfibrilhador cardioversor implantável. Após um seguimento de 3,3 anos, intervalo interquartil (P25-P75) 1,3–6,5 anos, 31% estavam assintomáticos. A mortalidade total foi de 1,19%/ano e a cardiovascular de 0,65%/ano. A incidência de morte por insuficiência cardiaca foi de 0,25%/ano, a de morte súbita de 0,22%/ano e a de morte por acidente vascular cerebal de 0,04%/ano. A mortalidade por insuficiência cardíaca e transplante cardíaco foi de 0,27%/ano e a de morte súbita e equivalentes de 0,53%/ano. A miocardiopatia hipertrófica em Portugal apresenta idade de diagnóstico elevada e é frequente o tratamento invasivo de formas obstrutivas. A mortalidade é baixa, a insuficiência cardíaca é a principal causa de morte, seguida pela morte súbita. A doença apresenta elevada morbilidade, realça a necessidade do desenvolvimento de tratamentos específicos com impacto na sua história natural.
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Cardim et al. (2018) conducted an observational in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=1,042). In a Portuguese registry of 1042 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, all-cause mortality was 1.19%/year and cardiovascular mortality was 0.65%/year over a median follow-up of 3.3 years.
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