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Left axis deviation on an electrocardiogram is generally an indication of cardiac abnormality.
It is now reasonably well established that the presence of left axis deviation in the electrocardiogram (mean QRS axis between -30and -90i n the frontal plane) is, with rare exceptions, an indication of cardiac abnormality (Grant, 1956; Curd, Hicks, and Gyorkey, 1961; Libanoff, 1964).
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Bahl et al. (1969) studied this question.
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