State of the Art in Searches for Astrophysical Neutrinos with Baikal-GVD Underwater Neutrino Telescope

An overview of experimental results obtained by means of the deep-underwater gigaton-scale neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD (Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector) during its construction from 2016 to the present time, 2025, is given. According to the Baikal-GVD data obtained throughout six years of observation, the presence of an astrophysical component in the diffuse neutrino flux measured in cascade events over the TeV–PeV energy range was confirmed at a level above 5 σ . A spectral analysis of the sample of high-energy neutrinos, a galactic origin of neutrinos with energies above 200 TeV, the first results obtained for upper limits on the flux of cosmogenic neutrinos, and a real-time data analysis based on the multimessenger program are discussed.