Key result
Removing windkessel effects from wave intensity analysis demonstrated that the energy of diastolic suction is 2.6 times greater than previously calculated in open-chest dogs.
Why the study?
Does separating windkessel pressure from traveling waves in wave intensity analysis alter the calculated energy of diastolic suction in open-chest dogs?
Does separating windkessel pressure from traveling waves in wave intensity analysis alter the calculated energy of diastolic suction in open-chest dogs?
Effect estimate: 2.6 times greater
Removing volume-related windkessel effects from wave intensity analysis reveals that the energy of diastolic suction during left ventricular filling is significantly greater than previously estimated.
May refine diastolic suction estimates in experimental wave intensity analysis; leaves open translation to intact human physiology.
We extend our recently published windkessel-wave interpretation of vascular function to the wave intensity analysis (WIA) of left ventricular (LV) filling dynamics by separating the pressure changes due to the windkessel from those due to traveling waves. With the use of LV compliance, the change in pressure due solely to LV volume changes (windkessel pressure) can be isolated. Inasmuch as the pressure measured in the cardiovascular system is the sum of its windkessel and wave components (excess pressure), it can be substituted into WIA, yielding the isolated wave effects on LV filling. Our study of six open-chest dogs demonstrated that once the windkessel effects are removed from WIA, the energy of diastolic suction is 2.6 times greater than we previously calculated. Volume-related changes in pressure (i.e., the windkessel or reservoir effect) must be considered first when wave motion is analyzed.
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Flewitt et al. (2007) studied Left ventricular filling dynamics (n=6). Separation of windkessel pressure from traveling waves in wave intensity analysis vs. Standard wave intensity analysis was evaluated on Energy of diastolic suction (2.6 times greater). Removing windkessel effects from wave intensity analysis demonstrated that the energy of diastolic suction is 2.6 times greater than previously calculated in open-chest dogs.
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