Validation of a MATLAB/Simulink State-of-Charge Model for a Micro Electric Vehicle

This paper presents the development and validation of a compact computational model to estimate battery state of charge (SoC) and energy consumption of a Quantum One micro electric vehicle under urban operation. The drivetrain is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink using Virtual Vehicle Composer, with a mapped 16s Li-ion battery, motor, transmission and auxiliary loads. Fifteen repeatable drive cycles were recorded inside a university campus with GPS, while battery voltage and recharge time were measured to reconstruct field SoC and specific energy consumption. These routes were processed into drive-cycle inputs for the model. Agreement between simulation and field data was quantified using pointwise error, RMSE and MAPE. The validated model achieved MAPEs of 1.03 % (SoC), 0.28 % (voltage) and 5.29 % (Wh/km), supporting its use for autonomy estimation and route analysis.