Design and field programmable gate array implementation of a Rossler-driven four-dimensional hyperchaotic Rossler–advanced encryption standard framework for image encryption

Real-time secure transmission of digital images encounters substantial computational obstacles owing to the constraints of software-based encryption and the escalating throughput requirements in embedded systems. This article introduces an innovative hardware-accelerated image encryption system that integrates the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in Cipher Feedback (CFB) and Galois Counter Mode (GCM) with a hyperchaotic Rössler system to improve security performance. The present article reports on a highly efficient, hardware-implemented encryption system, the Four-Dimensional Hyperchaotic Rössler–Advanced Encryption Standard (4D-HCR-AES) framework, of real-time images that uses the four-dimensional hyperchaotic Rössler system to produce strong cryptographic keys that are strictly checked through the use of a hash algorithm, namely the Secure Hash Algorithm 512 (SHA-512). The system is implemented on a Python Productivity for Zynq (PYNQ-Z2) Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board and uses parallel processing to bring about a 20% improvement in throughput (40.96 Mb/s) and a 12% improvement in operating frequency (160 MHz) over current chaos-enhanced methods, and this system only consumes 1.736 W of power. The security analysis demonstrates the system’s stability, showing an entropy level close to 8.0, correlation coefficients near zero, and Number of Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) values mostly at 99.7%, making it an ideal and resource-efficient solution for secure image transmission in time-sensitive scenarios within healthcare, military surveillance, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems.