Research on Risk Classification and Zoning Control Strategies for Groundwater Pollution in Chemical Industrial Parks

This paper systematically analyzes the formation mechanism of groundwater pollution risk in chemical industrial parks and constructs a three-level risk classification index system covering pressure, state, and response dimensions, consisting of 14 core indicators. The AHP-entropy weight combination method is used to determine the indicator weights, and K-means clustering and expert judgment are combined to formulate high, medium, and low risk classification standards (high-risk area comprehensive index ≥ 0.7, medium-risk area 0.3~0.7, low-risk area ≤ 0.3). The risk assessment method is optimized by introducing the entropy weight modified analytic hierarchy process and interval number theory to improve the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, constructing a dynamic risk assessment model incorporating the time dimension, and proposing three original formulas to achieve spatiotemporal dynamic representation of risk. Taking a coastal chemical industrial park as an empirical study, three control zones—key, general, and potential—are divided, and differentiated control strategies are formulated, verifying the scientific validity of the system and methods. The research findings provide theoretical support and technical reference for the precise prevention and control of groundwater pollution in chemical industrial parks, contributing to the coordinated development of ecological environment and economic development.