Rapidly Progressive Medial Calcific Sclerosis in a Dialysis Patient

Medial calcific sclerosis (Mönckeberg sclerosis) is a common but often underrecognized complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Unlike atherosclerosis, it is characterized by circumferential, continuous calcification of the arterial media. We present the case of a 41-year-old man on dialysis who exhibited a strikingly rapid progression of diffuse medial calcifications of the abdominal aorta and its major branches within a 10-month period. This case emphasizes the clinical importance of distinguishing this pattern on computed tomography (CT) to identify patients at heightened cardiovascular risk.