Application and Prospect of Circulating Tumor DNA Detection in the Management of Postoperative Molecular Residual Lesions of Colorectal Cancer

Advances in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection technology have provided a transformative tool for the monitoring and intervention of molecular residual disease (MRD) after radical resection of colorectal cancer. CtDNA are reviewed in this paper, system - the two technical path of MRD detection: individualized customization strategy with fixed Panel, and compared its performance characteristics and applicable scenario. This article focuses on the excellent prognostic value of ctDNA in postoperative risk stratification, which is significantly more effective than traditional clinicopathological indicators, and can effectively identify people with high risk of recurrence that cannot be identified by traditional staging. In addition, this article summarizes the breakthrough clinical evidence for ctDNA status to guide the decision of "upgrading and downgrading" of adjuvant therapy, and reveals its potential to promote individualized precision treatment. Although facing technology standardization, cloned hematopoietic interference and economic cost challenges, but through technology innovation, prospective clinical verification and ecology system builds, ctDNA - MRD detection is expected to completely change the postoperative management of colorectal cancer model, lead the patient into the molecular dynamic precise management under the guidance of the new age.