Impact of One Year of Shift Work on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the reported increased cardiovascular disease risk in shift workers could be explained by changes in cardiovascular risk factors. In a cohort of 239 shift and 157 daytime workers, 1-year changes in biological and lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors were monitored between the start of a new job and 1 year later. Both body mass index and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio decreased significantly in shift workers compared with daytime workers (body mass index change: -0.31 and +0.13 kg/m; low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio change: -0.33 and -0.13 respectively). Cigarettes smoked per day increased significantly in shift compared with daytime workers (+1.42 and -1.03, respectively). Therefore, only for smoking, an unfavorable change was observed. This may explain, at most, only a part of the excess cardiovascular disease risk reported in shift workers.