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ABSTRACT The story about Mulian rescuing his mother from Hell is widely known in China. It has also been the subject of numerous operas from many regions of the country from the eleventh century to the present. It is even considered the beginning of Chinese drama. This study investigates how this story of Indic origin has become a Chinese cultural phenomenon by tracing its long evolution and process of Sinification. It also discusses the relationship between rituals and stage performances of this legend.
Shiao-ling Yu (Fri,) studied this question.