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Alternative theoretical frameworks are the tacit assumptions and logical structures of practical action. Student nurses have alternative theories in which ethical and technical knowledge are combined to form high-level heuristics which assist with understanding and responding to client problems. The alternative theories of student nurses can be observed to guide care giving and therefore the theory-practice gap may not be as wide as is often assumed. The values and beliefs about nursing held by student nurses are broadly similar to those advocated for the profession as a whole.
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William Lauder (1994) studied this question.
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