Function of miRNAs in Conferring Neuroprotection through a Tailored Peptide Derived from Snake Venom Nerve Growth Factor in Response to Paraquat-Induced Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

. Furthermore, we selected 31 predicted target genes from those above five upregulated miRNAs, which are involved in gene regulation, suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial metabolism, protein synthesis, and transmembrane transport. qRT-PCR analyses revealed a trend toward reduced expression of these targets following PQ treatment, whereas HNP pretreatment significantly restored their expression; however, NGF pretreatment did not elicit significant changes compared to the control. Comparative miRNA profiling showed that NGF/HNP restored PQ-induced alterations, with HNP enhancing alpha-synuclein clearance by significantly upregulating miR-4813-3p. These findings position HNP as a promising candidate for miRNA-targeted interventions in PD and related disorders.