Noise analysis method for frequency transfer systems by using ADEV combined with EMD-WT

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

In precision frequency transfer systems, stringent requirements are imposed on the phase stability of transmitted signals. Throughout the transmission process, the inherent challenges of long-haul signal propagation inevitably introduce multiple noise components, including, but not limited to, thermal noise, phase fluctuations, and environmental interference. The system is inclined to use the conventional evaluation index - Allan deviation (ADEV) to reflect the system stability in order to evaluate the noise level. Whereas, ADEV can only provide numerical expression and lacks the time-frequency details, a complete evaluation system is therefore required by the system. In this paper, we present a groundbreaking integration of ADEV and wavelet-transformed empirical mode decomposition (EMD-WT), establishing a novel analytical framework that enables simultaneous characterization of noise types and time-frequency domain properties. This synergistic approach achieves unprecedented dual-domain resolution in noise discrimination in frequency transfer systems.