Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence

Figures

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  Figure 1. Summary of study selection process. RCTs, randomised controlled trials.

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  Figure 2. All-cause mortality for studies at their longest follow-up period. Filled squares represent the risk difference for individual studies at the longest reported follow-up. The boxes are proportional to the weight of each study, and the lines represent their 95% CI. The filled diamond represents the pooled risk difference. Weights are from random effects analysis. CR, cardiac rehabilitation.

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  Figure 3. Cardiovascular mortality for studies at their longest follow-up period. Filled squares represent the risk difference for individual studies at the longest reported follow-up. The boxes are proportional to the weight of each study and the lines represent their 95% CI. The filled diamond represents the pooled risk difference. Weights are from random effects analysis. CR, cardiac rehabilitation.

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  Figure 4. Hospital admissions for studies at their longest follow-up period. Filled squares represent the risk difference for individual studies at the longest reported follow-up. The boxes are proportional to the weight of each study and the lines represent their 95% CI. The filled diamond represents the pooled risk difference. Weights are from random effects analysis. CR, cardiac rehabilitation.