Maximising efficiency: impact of space management practices on space utilisation in telecommunications companies in Tanzania

Purpose Effective space management reduces operational costs and supports organisational agility. However, empirical research from emerging economies, particularly Tanzania’s telecommunications sector, remains limited. This study aims to examine how space management practices, work arrangements and building characteristics influence space utilisation in Tanzanian telecom companies. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods design was used across three telecom firms (Vodacom, TTCL, Halotel). Quantitative survey data were collected from 302 employees (88% response rate) and analysed using hierarchical regression. Qualitative data comprised semi-structured interviews with nine facilities managers (4–15 years’ experience,), 45 h of direct observation per company and document analysis. Findings Space management practices were significantly positively associated with utilisation (ß = 0.85, p = 0.034). Rigid work practices showed a significant negative association (ß = −1.095, p < 0.001). Physical characteristics were not statistically significant (p = 0.300). Vodacom’s flexible practices achieved 80% utilisation compared to 64%–65% at firms with traditional layouts. Qualitative themes of rigidity, flexibility benefits and physical constraints contextualised these patterns. Originality/value This study provides sector-specific evidence from sub-Saharan Africa, integrating the resource-based view and transaction cost economics to explain space utilisation. It reveals tensions between quantitative and qualitative findings, suggesting physical characteristics may operate as threshold factors contingent on management practices.