Genetic Polymorphism in CX ₃ CR1 and Risk of HIV Disease

Faure et al. (1) reported that allele M280 of the chemokine receptor/HIV coreceptor CX3CR1 is associated with both increased risk of HIV infection and accelerated HIV disease progression in studies of Caucasian HIV cohorts from France. In the seroconverters (SEROCO) cohort, the relative risk (RR) for AIDS was 2.13 for those homozygous for the M280 allele (n = 16) compared with those homozygous for the reference allele T280 (n = 306;P = 0.039). In the SEROCO, standard progressor (IMMUNOCO), and long-term asymptomatic (ALT) cohorts, association of homozygous M280 (2) with HIV infection was significant atP < 0.045. Here we report that we were unable to confirm these associations in three North American (NA) cohorts of HIV-1 seroconverters: the D.C. Gay cohort (DCG), the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study of homosexual men (MACS), and the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS).