Partial Shading Effect on Recent PV Array Configurations and Mismatch Loss Mitigation Techniques: An Extensive Review

A common and complicated problem, shading reduces output power significantly and creates many power peaks in characteristic curves, which impairs Photovoltaic (PV) system performance. These detrimental effects are connected to the PV array's configuration and the shading pattern, not just the shaded area. It has been demonstrated that configuring PV arrays can effectively reduce the detrimental effects of shading 10% to 45% depending upon the shading intensity and array configuration. The PV panel's output power fluctuates depending on the temperature, degree of inclination, partial shadowing, and solar insolation. Series, parallel, series-parallel, TCT, and HC are some of the configuration approaches used to maximize the power from the PV array. Nevertheless, in partial shade circumstances (PSCs), these setup strategies are less successful. Modular reconfiguration inside the PV array is done statically to lessen the PSCs effect. This study examines every new reconfiguration-based method that has been published in the literature to date and highlights that advanced reconfiguration technique can reduces mismatch loss from 15 to 30 % and improve power output by up to 20 to 35 % under PSCs. We have categorized different reconfiguration techniques in a methodical manner. Since a parameter comparison is performed at the conclusion of each categorization, this study advances the field and may serve as a key foundation for selecting the most profitable reconfiguration type. Since this work examines a sizable number of PV reconfiguration techniques on a single platform, it would be beneficial for researchers in this field to choose the most practical reconfiguration technique for their application.