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Demonstrates efficient beam scanning in flexible antennas, indicating advancements for wireless communication systems.
This paper presents a flexible conformal beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array based on a PI-ABS composite substrate and spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) structure for Ku-band (12–18 GHz) applications. The proposed design features periodically symmetric gradient linear metallic stubs and interleaved tapered radiating patches to realize efficient SSPP slow-wave transmission, −1st spatial harmonic radiation, and open-stopband (OSB) suppression simultaneously. Benefiting from the flexible PI-ABS composite structure, the antenna maintains stable radiation performance under different curvatures, overcoming the mechanical instability and beam-scanning sensitivity of conventional flexible LWAs. The four-element conformal array achieves continuous beam scanning from −67° to 32° with a peak gain of 16.5 dBi and radiation efficiency above 58% across the entire band. Both simulation and measurement results validate that the proposed design integrates flexible conformality, wideband beam scanning, and high radiation efficiency, providing a novel solution for conformal wireless communication systems.
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Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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