Background Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Canola oil (CO) and sesame oil (SO), due to their antioxidant constituents, may differentially influence oxidative stress biomarkers. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting commonly used edible oils with three healthier alternatives, namely CO, SO, and sesame–canola oil (SCO) on oxidative stress biomarkers in individuals with type 2 diabetes in a randomized, three-way crossover clinical trial. Methods Participants with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to three 9-week intervention phases during which they consumed SO, CO, or SCO. The intervention periods were separated by two 4-week washout periods. Oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured at baseline and at the end of each intervention period. Results A total of 92 participants completed all phases of the trial. After CO and SCO consumption, serum TAC was significantly decreased in the adjusted models ( p < 0.05), while no significant effect of the treatment oils was indicated on other oxidative stress markers in all participants. Based on sex-stratified analyses, the significant reduction of SO and CO on MDA levels was observed only in women ( p < 0.05). Intervention oils were not different in their effect on oxidative stress markers in all participants as well as males and females. Conclusions Except for the significant reducing effect of CO on TAC, the studied oils did not have a significant effect on MDA and TOS in all participants.
Moghtaderi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.