Distribution of Hematological Indices Among Hepatitis B–negative Blood Donors in a Nigerian Tertiary Facility

Blood transfusion remains an indispensable life-saving intervention in modern clinical practice, particularly for patients with severe anemia, trauma, obstetric hemorrhage, and other critical conditions. Despite its immense benefits, transfusion carries potential risks, especially when standard screening and quality-assurance procedures are not strictly adhered to. One of the most significant transfusion-transmissible infections is hepatitis B virus (HBV), a hepatotropic virus associated with acute and chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV remains highly endemic in many low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria, thereby posing a continuous threat to blood safety. This study explores the implications of HBV transmission in the context of blood transfusion and emphasizes the importance of rigorous donor selection, comprehensive screening, and strict adherence to transfusion protocols. Strengthening blood safety practices is essential to minimize transfusion-related HBV infections and to ensure optimal patient outcomes.