Clinical Profile and Blood Transfusion Needs of Orthopedic Patients in a Teaching Hospital Setting

Blood transfusion remains a vital component of surgical care, particularly in orthopedic practice where major procedures such as tumor resections, pelvic surgeries, and arthroplasties are frequently associated with substantial blood loss. Despite advances in surgical techniques and blood conservation strategies, the demand for allogeneic blood transfusion persists. This study aimed to assess the patterns, indications, and magnitude of blood transfusion among orthopedic patients at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving orthopedic patients who underwent surgical procedures over a defined period. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical diagnoses, and type of surgery, perioperative hemoglobin levels, and number of units transfused, and transfusion indications were collected and analyzed. The findings highlight the burden of blood transfusion in orthopedic care and underscore the relevance of patient blood management principles, including optimization of erythropoiesis, minimization of blood loss, and improved tolerance of anemia. Strengthening patient blood management programs may contribute to safer and more efficient blood utilization in orthopedic practice.