Attenuation of mosaic aneuploidy and erroneous first mitotic division of human embryos

Human reproduction is inherently inefficient 1 and 1 in 6 people worldwide suffer infertility. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) can help some couples conceive, but only ~30% of cycles are successful. One factor affecting IVF efficacy is mitotic-origin (mosaic) aneuploidy in which embryos contain a mixture of cells with different numbers of chromosomes 2 . We previously showed that chromosome segregation error phenotypes are frequent in the first mitotic division of the human embryo 3 . However, the cause of these errors and impact on daughter cell karyotype is unknown. Here, using live chromosome imaging and next generation sequencing we show that activation of the microtubule depolymerase KIF2C reduces chromosome segregation errors and mitotic-origin aneuploidy at the 2-cell stage. The number of first divisions that show alternative cleavage patterns (associated with failed embryo development in IVF clinics) are also reduced with KIF2C activation. Our findings demonstrate that modulation of microtubule dynamics is a potential therapeutic route to improving human embryo quality and IVF outcomes.