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Traditionally, group of pictures (GOP) is used to solve IPTV channel tune-in issues. However, channel changes issued by a TV viewer are quite rare which indicates it is redundant to solve channel tune-in with GOP. In this paper we extend our earlier work on synchronization frames for channel switching (SFCS) for reducing bandwidth utilization in IPTV networks to include encoding/decoding standards not supporting Sl/SP-frames. We propose modifications to SFCS to work with MPEG-2. Channel tune-in quality and synchronization stream generation is also addressed. We provide bandwidth estimation expressions which are verified with an experimental simulation. Results show that SFCS adapted to MPEG-2 can reduce the bandwidth utilization with 9% compared to a traditional GOP system with equal steady state quality.
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Jennehag et al. (2008) studied this question.