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Takotsubo syndrome and neurogenic stunned myocardium share common pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly myocardial stunning, and represent two phenotypes of stress cardiomyopathy.
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Takotsubo syndrome and neurogenic stunned myocardium can be viewed as two phenotypes of stress cardiomyopathy, sharing pathophysiological mechanisms of hypercatecholaminemia and myocardial stunning.
Stress cardiomyopathy (SCM), also called Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), is a topic of current interest that extends beyond cardiology. The neurological framework currently includes neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM), an abnormal condition that shares many common features with TTS. Unlike TTS, the main triggers for NSM are mostly neurological events (e.g., acute stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage [SAH], brain trauma, etc) inducing adrenergic hyperstimulation and ultimately myocardial stunning. Clinical examination, echocardiogram, electrocardiography, and cardiac markers share many similarities and differences between TTS and NSM. The common feature of the two conditions is their shared pathophysiological mechanisms, which ultimately lead to hypercatecholaminaemia and myocardial stunning. Takotsubo syndrome and NSM can be seen as two phenotypes of SCM. Treatment of SCM is based on pathophysiological data and differs according to the risk level: low or high. The course of the disease is not always favourable; for TTS, the immediate prognosis is like that of acute myocardial infarction (MI).
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Gherasim et al. (2022) conducted a review in Stress Cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome and neurogenic stunned myocardium). Takotsubo syndrome and neurogenic stunned myocardium share common pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly myocardial stunning, and represent two phenotypes of stress cardiomyopathy.
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