Exercise may enhance heart rate variability in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus by increasing parasympathetic activity, based on a systematic review of 7 methodologically weak studies.
Systematic Review
Does exercise or physical activity improve heart rate variability in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Exercise appears to support autonomic function by enhancing heart rate variability in type 1 diabetes, though current evidence relies on methodologically weak studies.
Non-pharmacological interventions, such as physical activity and exercise, are essential in managing type 1 diabetes mellitus by improving glycemic control, cardiovascular health and autonomic function. Given the chronic nature and long-term complications associated with type 1 diabetes, strategies beyond pharmacotherapy are essential. This review examines the effects of exercise on heart rate variability, a key indicator of autonomic nervous system activity. A systematic search was conducted in March 2024 across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and CINAHL databases. Studies evaluating the retrospective or prospective impact of exercise or physical activity on heart rate variability parameters were included. Utilizing best evidence synthesis, the methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, all of which were rated as methodologically weak. Moderate evidence suggests that exercise may enhance heart rate variability, particularly by increasing parasympathetic activity and improving sympathovagal balance. However, evidence remains limited regarding the optimal type, frequency and intensity of exercise. Exercise appears to support autonomic function in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Nonetheless, further high-quality research is needed to determine the most effective exercise modalities and to inform evidence-based clinical guidelines.
Bekker et al. (Wed,) conducted a systematic review in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Exercise and physical activity was evaluated on Heart rate variability. Exercise may enhance heart rate variability in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus by increasing parasympathetic activity, based on a systematic review of 7 methodologically weak studies.